Grey Cast Iron (Gray iron castings) is so called because of the color of the fracture face. It contains 1.5-4.3% carbon and 0.3-5% silicon plus manganese, sulfur and phosphorus. It is brittle with low tensile strength, but is easy to cast.
The all data in this documents is referred to Chinese standard of GB/T 9439-1988. Qingdao Casting Quality write all materials from handbook.
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- Sand Casting
Casting Quality focus on Metal Parts industry, we provide professional service in Metal Casting field.
Sand Casting is a popular metal form method, are suitable for all materiel, such as grey iron, ductile iron, malleable iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and bronze.
- Investment Casting
also named as precision lost wax casting, mainly suitalbe for carbon steel and stainless steel parts. We also provide grey iron and ductile iron and aluminum and bronze parts by investment casting. It can achieve the best appearance with good tolerance
- Shell Casting
Shell casting method is a good option to replace investment casting and sand casting. the quality is better than sand casting parts, suitable for bulk production.
- CNC Machining
CNC Milling, CNC turning with 5 xix CNC center, we provide precision machining for all castings based on customers design drawings.
- CAD Design
Mechanical Design service based on customers requirement, our software is Solidworks and AutoCAD.
- Tools/Mold Design
Mould design and production will be served for metal casting ad plastic injection industry. Based on our more than 10 years experience, we supply professional molds for our customers in Europe and North American.
Grey Cast Iron Property
Single Casting Specimen Tensile Strength Property for grey cast iron
| Gray Iron Grade | Single Specimen Tensile Strength | Gray iron Castings | |
| Wall Thickness /mm | Tensile Strength σb≥/Mpa | ||
| HT100 | 100 | >2.5~10 >10~20 >20~30 >30~40 | 130 100 90 80 |
| HT150 | 150 | >2.5~10 >10~20 >20~30 >30~40 | 175 145 130 120 |
| HT200 | 200 | >2.5~10 >10~20 >20~30 >30~40 | 220 195 170 160 |
| HT250 | 250 | >4.0~10 >10~20 >20~30 >30~50 | 270 240 220 200 |
| HT300 | 300 | >10~20 >20~30 >30~50 | 290 250 230 |
| HT350 | 350 | >10~20 >20~30 >30~50 | 340 290 260 |
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Castings Attached Specimen Tensile Strength Property
| Gray Iron Grade | Wall Thickness /mm | Tensile Strength σb≥/Mpa | Tensile Strength (reference) σb≥/Mpa | |||
| Attached Test Coupon | Attached Test Block | |||||
| φ30mm | φ50mm | R15mm | R25mm | |||
| HT150 | >20~40 >40~80 >80~150 >150~300 | 130 115 – – | – (115) 105 100 | 120 110 – – | – – 100 90 | 120 105 90 80 |
| HT200 | >20~40 >40~80 >80~150 >150~300 | 180 160 – – | – (155) 145 135 | 170 150 – – | – – 140 130 | 165 145 130 120 |
| HT250 | >20~40 >40~80 >80~150 >150~300 | 220 200 – – | – (190) 180 165 | (210) 190 – – | – – 170 160 | 205 180 165 150 |
| HT300 | >20~40 >40~80 >80~150 >150~300 | 260 235 – – | – (230) 210 195 | (250) 225 – – | – – 200 185 | 245 215 195 180 |
| HT350 | >20~40 >40~80 >80~150 >150~300 | 300 270 – – | – (265) 240 215 | (290) 260 – – | – – 230 210 | 285 255 225 205 |
Grey Iron Castings’ other mechanical property
| Grade | Compressive Strength σbc/MPa | Shearing Strength τb/Mpa | Impact Testing αKV/(J/cm2) | Safe Range of stress σ-1/MPa | Modulus of Elasticity Ε/GPa |
| HT150 | 500~700 | 150~250 | – | 60~90 | 70~90 |
| HT200 | 600~800 | 200~300 | 2~5 | 80~90 | 80~110 |
| HT250 | 800~1000 | 250~350 | 4~8 | 100~140 | 100~130 |
| HT300 | 1000~1200 | 300~450 | 7~10 | 120~160 | 120~140 |
| HT350 | 1100~1300 | 350~500 | 9~11 | 140~180 | 130~160 |
Grey Iron Castings Hardness
| Gray Iron Grade | Hardness Grade | Hardness Range HBS | Metallography |
| HT100 | H145 | ≤170 | Ferrite |
| HT150 | H175 | 150~200 | Ferrite + Pearlite |
| HT200 | H195 | 170~220 | Pearlite |
| HT250 | H215 | 190~240 | Pearlite |
| HT300 | H235 | 210~260 | Pearlite(Inoculated Cast Iron) |
| HT350 | H255 | 230~280 | Pearlite(Inoculated Cast Iron) |
Gray Iron Casting heat treatment
| Casting Unit Weight kg | Starting Temperature /οC | Heating Speed /(οC/h) | Preservation Temperature/οC | Heat Preservation Time /h | Cooling Speed /(οC/h) | Final Temperature /οC | |
| Cast Iron | Low Alloy Cast Iron | ||||||
| Simple Castings | |||||||
| <200 | ≤200 | ≤100 | 500~550 | 550~570 | 4~6 | 30 | 200 |
| 200~2500 | ≤200 | ≤80 | 500~550 | 550~570 | 6~8 | 30 | 200 |
| >2500 | ≤200 | ≤60 | 500~550 | 550~570 | 8 | 30 | 200 |
| Precision Castings | |||||||
| <200 | ≤200 | ≤100 | 500~550 | 550~570 | 4~6 | 20 | 200 |
| 200~2500 | ≤200 | ≤80 | 500~550 | 550~570 | 6~8 | 20 | 200 |
Gray Iron Casting, no any standard mentioned the chemistry composition, so we only suggest the following chemistry based on actual production.
| Grade | Wall Thickness /mm | C | Si | Mn | P ≤ | S ≤ |
| HT100 | – | 3.4~3.9 | 2.1~2.6 | 0.5~0.8 | 0.3 | 0.15 |
| HT150 | <30 30~50 >50 | 3.3~3.5 3.2~3.5 3.2~3.5 | 2.0~2.4 1.9~2.3 1.8~2.2 | 0.5~0.8 0.5~0.8 0.6~0.9 | 0.2 0.2 0.2 | 0.12 0.12 0.12 |
| HT200 | <30 30~50 >50 | 3.2~3.5 3.1~3.4 3.0~3.3 | 1.6~2.0 1.5~1.8 1.4~1.6 | 1.7~0.9 0.8~1.0 0.8~1.0 | 0.15 0.15 0.15 | 0.12 0.12 0.12 |
| HT250 | <30 30~50 >50 | 3.0~3.3 2.9~3.2 2.8~3.1 | 1.4~1.7 1.3~1.6 1.2~1.5 | 0.8~1.0 0.9~1.1 1.0~1.2 | 0.15 0.15 0.15 | 0.12 0.12 0.12 |
| HT300 | <30 30~50 >50 | 2.9~3.2 2.9~3.2 2.8~3.1 | 1.4~1.7 1.2~1.5 1.1~1.4 | 0.8~1.0 0.9~1.1 1.0~1.2 | 0.15 0.15 0.15 | 0.10 0.10 0.10 |
Grey Cast Iron Compare
| Index | Country | Grey Iron Grade | ||||||
| 1 | China | — | HT350 | HT300 | HT250 | HT200 | HT150 | HT100 |
| 2 | Japanese | — | FC350 | FC300 | FC250 | FC200 | FC150 | FC100 |
| 3 | USA | NO.60 | NO.50 | NO.45 | NO.35/ NO.40 | NO.30 | NO.25 | NO.20 |
| 4 | Russia | CЧ40 | CЧ35 | CЧ30 | CЧ24/CЧ25 | CЧ18/CЧ20/CЧ21 | CЧ15 | CЧ10 |
| 5 | Germany | GG40 | GG35 | GG30 | GG25 | GG20 | GG15 | GG10 |
| 6 | Italy | — | G35 | G30 | G25 | G20 | G15 | G10 |
| 7 | France | FGL400 | FGL350 | FGL300 | FGL250 | FGL200 | FGL150 | — |
| 8 | England | 400 | 350 | 300 | 260 | 180/220 | 150 | 100 |
| 9 | Poland | Z140 | Z135 | Z130 | Z125 | Z120 | Z115 | — |
| 10 | India | FG400 | FG350 | FG300 | FG260 | FG200 | FG150 | — |
| 11 | Romania | FC400 | FC350 | FC300 | FC250 | FC200 | FC150 | — |
| 12 | Spanish | — | FG35 | FG30 | FG25 | FG20 | FG15 | — |
| 13 | Belgium | FGG40 | FGG35 | FGG30 | FGG25 | FGG20 | FGG15 | FGG10 |
| 14 | Australia | T400 | T350 | T300 | T260 | T220 | T150 | — |
| 15 | Sweden | O140 | O135 | O130 | O125 | O120 | O115 | O110 |
| 16 | Hungary | OV40 | OV35 | OV30 | OV25 | OV20 | OV15 | — |
| 17 | Bulgaria | — | Vch35 | Vch30 | Vch25 | Vch20 | Vch15 | — |
| 18 | ISO | — | 350 | 300 | 250 | 200 | 150 | 100 |
| 19 | COPANT | FG400 | FG350 | FG300 | FG250 | FG200 | FG150 | FG100 |
| 20 | Taiwan(China) | — | — | FC300 | FC250 | FC200 | FC150 | FC100 |
| 21 | Holland | — | GG35 | GG30 | GG25 | GG20 | GG15 | — |
| 22 | Luxemburg | FGG40 | FGG35 | FGG30 | FGG25 | FGG20 | FGG15 | — |
| 23 | Austria | — | GG35 | GG30 | GG25 | GG20 | GG15 | — |
| 24 | Europa-Norm | EN-GJL-350 | EN-GJL-300 | EN-GJL-250 | EN-GJL-200 | EN-GJL-150 | ||
